What HVAC Energy-Efficiency Ratings Mean

Are you contrasting the efficiency ratings of new HVAC systems? Perhaps you want to check the rating on your existing HVAC equipment. Either way, you can learn the efficiency rating and expected annual operating costs by inspecting the yellow Energy Guide label around the side of the unit. Below are some facts about the multiple ratings you might see and what they mean.

What Is a SEER Rating?

SEER is short for Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio, a measurement of air conditioning efficiency. The SEER rating represents the cooling output of an air conditioner over a whole cooling season, divided by the volume of energy used within that time frame. A higher SEER rating means greater energy efficiency and lower energy bills.

Presently, the minimum SEER rating for recently manufactured air conditioners is 14 SEER in the northern U.S. and 15 SEER in the southern U.S. This is an improvement from the past minimum expectation of 13 SEER in the north and 14 SEER in the south, which was in effect from 2015 to 2022. This adjustment reflects the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) ongoing efforts to minimize energy consumption and climate-impacting emissions.

Nowadays, top-quality air conditioners tout ratings of 26 SEER or higher, providing amazing energy savings. But bear in mind, exceptional SEER ratings normally come with a higher initial cost. Therefore, you should give some thought to both the initial financial investment and the potential for ongoing savings when deciding on a new air conditioner.

What Is an EER Rating?

Although SEER ratings are more well-known, there’s another efficiency metric you should be aware of. It’s referred to as EER, and it means Energy Efficiency Ratio. This rating suggests the performance of an AC unit under specific operating conditions. The EER rating allows you to understand if the system will keep up with demand on the hottest summer days.

At the moment, only the southwest area of the nation has a minimum EER rating of 12.2 EER for residential central air conditioners. Peak ratings top out at about 14 EER. In most cases SEER and EER for the most part correspond, with higher ratings indicating greater overall performance.

What Is an HSPF Rating?

Heating Seasonal Performance Factor (HSPF) ratings are measurements of the energy efficiency of air-source heat pumps while in heating mode. HSPF is a ratio of the overall heat output in British Thermal Units (BTUs) over the heating season to the amount of electricity used in watt-hours. A higher HSPF rating means a more efficient heat pump.

The minimum HSPF rating for new heat pumps is 8.8 HSPF, an improvement from the prior minimum of 8.2 HSPF. By calling for higher minimum HSPF ratings, the DOE hopes to encourage the use of more energy-efficient heating systems in homes and businesses throughout the U.S. You can always settle for the minimum, but it’s a wise choice to consider a high-end heat pump with a rating of 13 HSPF or higher for the best performance.

What Is an AFUE Rating?

Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE) ratings are yet another estimate of heating system efficiency, but they apply to furnaces and boilers. AFUE is a ratio of the annual heat output to the fuel consumed during that period. The higher the AFUE rating, the more efficient the heating system.

In 2023, the minimum AFUE rating for new gas furnaces has been modified to 81. Prior to this, the south and southwest had a minimum of 80 AFUE, and the north required ratings of 90 AFUE or higher. While you aren’t required to install anything above the minimum, you’ll save on your energy bills by opting for a furnace rated 95 AFUE or higher.

What Is an ENERGY STAR® Rating?

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) created the ENERGY STAR program during the Clinton Administration to help homeowners and businesses identify the most energy-efficient equipment and appliances available. HVAC equipment, appliances, water heaters, light fixtures, office equipment, electronics and building products that meet or exceed specific criteria can earn ENERGY STAR certification.

ENERGY STAR-rated products go above and beyond the minimum specifications to save energy and reduce emissions without compromising performance or features. Additionally, you can look for the ENERGY STAR Most Efficient designation, which highlights the leading performers in energy efficiency and innovation. The EPA is presently revising the qualification requirements in light of the new minimum HVAC efficiency standards.

Install an Efficient HVAC System

For help identifying which HVAC energy-efficiency rating is right for your budget, look to Service Experts Heating & Air Conditioning. We can assess your HVAC challenges and assist you in making an informed purchase. We can provide you with a wide range of products from today’s most popular brands, all of which meet or exceed the minimum efficiency requirements for 2023. We’re so confident you’ll be delighted with our services that we give you a 100% satisfaction guarantee! To learn more or to schedule a complimentary HVAC installation quote, please contact a Service Experts office near you.